— In 2017, lignite is produced in Germany in the open pits of the Rhineland (West Germany, close to the Ruhr area), Lusatia (East Germany) and Central Germany (East Germany) region. The eastern coal mining regions are mostly rural areas with low population figures, unlike the lignite and hard coal mining areas in West Germany. …
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— Germans who long for an end to lignite mining don't have to look very far for a potential model, for the nation's hard-coal mining industry is currently dying with scarcely a whimper.
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— ABSTRACT German hard coal production ended in 2018, following the termination of subsidies. This paper looks at 60 years of continuous decline of an industry that employed more than 600,000 people, through a case study comparing Germany's two largest hard coal mining areas (Ruhr area and Saarland). Although predominantly …
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— In Germany, hard coal mining lasted around 200 years. However, pumping of mine water and subsidence-related groundwater issues due to underground workings will remain a permanent task constantly. During the post-mining period, it is useful to revisit the post-mining goals and outcomes on a periodic basis. Hence, the imperative post-mining ...
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— Officials expect the loss of 2,000 jobs directly associated with the mine in 2018, as Germany ends mining of hard coal. "That doesn't mean hard coal use in Germany will end at that date," said ...
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— Ending hard coal mining but not hard coal power. The end of hard coal mining in Germany doesn't end the use of coal as a fuel for power plants. Germany still has a capacity of 21 GW of hard coal-powered stations on the grid which are fuelled with imported coal from Russia, the United States, Australia, Columbia, Poland and South …
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— The first, an analysis of the current state of the hard coal sector, shows that Poland has approximately 32 billion tons of undeveloped hard coal deposits, which the government deems a sufficient reserve to ensure availability of a domestic coal supply capacity (for comparison, in 2019 Polish coal mines extracted 62 million tons of coal).
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— A drone photo of Lützerath, Germany, on January 9. Activists have occupied the village for more than two years in a bid to prevent it from being demolished.
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— "The Ruhr region in Germany's North-Rhine Westphalia is going through significant change. By the end of 2018, the last two underground hard coal mines in the Ruhr, Ibbenbüren and Prosper-Haniel collieries, will close their portals and bring an end to more than 200 years of coal mining and an industry that was once the economic and …
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— But exactly what it meant was "only" the end of hard coal mining in North Rhine-Westphalia. In other federal states, such as the Saarland or Saxony, hard coal mining has been discontinued some time ago for economic and political reasons. However, mining continues to exist - also in North Rhine-Westphalia.
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— As of 2018, hard coal and lignite still accounted for 33% of Germany's primary energy production. As of 2018, 32,800 people were directly employed in the lignite and hard coal sectors. Estimates of people employed along coal value chains range from 60,000 to 86,000 people. Policies, Actions and Results
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A lignite phase-out has greater effect on mining regions and workers than a hard coal phase-out. Germany's last hard coal mine closed in 2018. It also settles compensation claims by coal plant operators and paves the way …
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— This paper evaluates policy measures implemented in the two largest German hard coal mining areas in the context of the phase-out of hard coal production between 1950 and 2018, to derive lessons for future phase-out pathways, motivated by …
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— Germany's hard coal mines produced 41.3Mt in 1998, 39.2Mt in 1999, 33.3Mt in 2000 and 27.1Mt in 2001. By 2006, their combined output had fallen to 20.7Mt. Production costs are three or four times the world average, Ruhr …
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Germany now has to meet all its hard coal requirements through imports because German hard coal mining had been phased out. In 2021, Germany imported around 20.5 million …
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— Cities like Essen, Dortmund and Bochum are centres of art, culture and other creative activities. The Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen, a former coal mine, is particularly well known. The mine was established in 1847 and developed into one of the largest and most state-of-the-art mines for hard coal in Europe.
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— In the Federal Republic of Germany, the last hard coal mines (Fig. 1) were closed in 2012 (Saarland) and 2018 (Ruhr area and Ibbenbüren), which eliminated the need for dewatering. Until the 1950 s, the flooding of mines in Germany usually took place without planning or consideration of extensive environmental damage (Kroll et al. 2005). Since ...
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— Taking the Paris Agreement seriously, implies a coal phase-out for all industrialized countries by 2030. In our paper in Climate Policy we derive lessons for these upcoming coal phase-outs from examining the phase-out of hard coal production in the two largest mining regions of Germany, the Ruhr area and the Saarland. The analysis starts …
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— The transition of the Ruhr region in Germany from a hard coal belt into a knowledge-based economy with a dynamic service sector and state of the art universities over the past 60–80 years has been widely touted as a successful example of how just and fair low carbon energy transitions can unfold. This paper leverages documentary …
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— DSK transports some 60Mt/y of coal and coke, using its own 450km-long rail system and dedicated river ports, transhipment points and intermediate storage facilities. Production and costs. Germany's hard coal mines produced 41.3Mt in 1998, 39.2Mt in 1999, 33.3Mt in 2000 and 27.1Mt in 2001. By 2006, their combined output had fallen to …
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German hard coal production ended in 2018, following the termination of subsidies. This paper looks at 60 years of continuous decline of an industry that employed more than 600,000 people, through a case study comparing Germany's two largest hard coal mining areas (Ruhr area and Saarland). Although predominantly economic
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— But the end of hard coal mining in Germany didn't mean the end of power plants that burned the fuel, nor did it mean the end of lignite mining or lignite-fired power plants, which did not have ...
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— It's the only visible sign that, almost three quarters of a mile below, Germany's last hard coal lies beneath this spot. Bottrop sits in the Ruhr Valley, a dense stretch of towns and suburbs ...
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The coal exit law sets out the roadmap for shutting down the country's remaining coal power capacity, clearly distinguishing between the pathways for lignite and hard coal. A lignite phase-out has greater effect on mining …
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German hard coal production ended in 2018, following the termination of subsidies. This paper looks at 60 years of continuous decline of an industry that employed more than 600,000 people, through a case study comparing Germany's two largest hard coal mining areas (Ruhr area and Saarland).
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— The last hard coal mine closed in 2018, but lignite or "brown coal," a type of wet coal that emits far more carbon dioxide when burned, will continue to be mined until the end of this decade ...
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— Coal has made a comeback in Germany this year, as Europe's largest economy turns to the dirty fuel to power it through an energy crisis. ... This includes 1.9 GW of lignite and 4.3 GW of hard coal ...
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In 2014, 16,500 persons were employed by opencast lignite coal mines in Germany. Already the demographic decline in the German population will reduce the employment in the lignite industry until 2040 to 15,100 persons. ... Lessons from Germany's hard coal mining phase-out: policies and transition from 1950 to 2018. Clim Pol (2020), 10.1080 ...
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The coal mining industry in Germany is dominated by two major producers, RAG Aktiengesellschaft which mines hard coal and RWE Power which mines lignite. The U.S. Geological Survey reports that based on 2006 data, RAG Aktiengesellschaft's mining subsidiary Deutsche Steinkohle AG employed approximately 35,000 staff and 5,572 of …
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In 2018, 22.6% of the electricity in Germany was produced from lignite and 12.8% from hard coal 55, of the lignite and 10% of the hard coal were mined in Germany 56.
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