HEALTH EFFECTS
Animal studies have examined potential hematological effects of three antimony compounds (metallic antimony, antimony xide, and antimony potassium tartrate) following intermediate-duration exposure.
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Animal studies have examined potential hematological effects of three antimony compounds (metallic antimony, antimony xide, and antimony potassium tartrate) following intermediate-duration exposure.
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Antimony toxicity is dependent on the exposure dose, duration, route (breathing, eating, drinking, or skin contact), other chemical exposures, age, , nutritional status, family …
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Antimony is a silvery-white metal that is found in the earth's crust. Antimony ores are mined and then either changed to antimony metal or combined with oxygen to form antimony oxide. (1) Antimony xide is a white powder that is very slightly soluble in water. (1) Antimony metal is a very brittle, moderately hard metal. (1)
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Context: This minireview describes the health effects of antimony exposure in the workplace and the environment. Aim: To collate information on the consequences of occupational and environmental exposure to antimony on physiological function and well-being. Methods: The criteria used in the current minireview for selecting articles were adopted from proposed …
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A new process for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature from stibnite concentrate by reductive sulfur-fixation smelting in sodium molten salt, using iron oxide as sulfur-fixing agent, was presented. The influences of molten salt addition and composition, ferric oxide dosage, smelting temperature and duration on extraction efficiency of …
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— The problem discussed in this antimony process study is limited to a concentrator capable of beneficiating 150 tons per day of antimony ore.The antimony in this study occurs as the mineral stibnite …
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In 2018, the Olimpiada mine entered the antimony supply chain with an output of 23.6kt Sb – instantly becoming the world's largest source of antimony concentrates. The concentrate from Olimpiada required antimony smelters in China to adapt their flow sheets to account for the higher gold and lower antimony grades compared to other gold ...
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— Antimony has a negative effect on the gold extraction from antimony–gold concentrate, and it is necessary to remove antimony in advance. For a high calcium low antimony–gold concentrate (Ca–Sb–Au ore), this study proposed to pre-remove antimony using slurry electrolysis in HCl–CaCl 2 system. The results indicated that the optimal …
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— AMS was collected from the surface soil (0–10 cm) around an antimony mine in Guizhou Province, China. BFS was obtained from a steel plant in Henan Province, China, with specific details provided in reference [25].LLC was collected from the nanofiltration concentrate produced by the leachate treatment system from a landfill in …
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— The full-year report from a world leading antimony miner in Russia — Polyus — shows its output of antimony in flotation concentrate amounted to 27,075 tonnes. Polyus is familiar to many as Russia's major gold producer. Its key Olimpiada mine in the Krasnoyarsk region of Eastern Siberia is the miner's only gold-antimony mine, and it ...
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— Antimony's importance dates to WWII when its flame and heat resistant properties elevated this metalloid to hero status; To this day, antimony is used right across the board in the defence industry for military applications; But like most critical minerals, China dominates supply
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— Evidence for lung neoplasms caused by antimony xide inhalation in experimental animals is sufficient. Overall, carcinogenicity in workers is probable (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 2A).
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— It can be seen from Eq. () that Sb 2 S 3 is deposited on the surface of gold particles, forming a dense product layer and hindering the diffusion of CN − and O 2 to the gold particles, leading to low leaching ratio [3, 4].Effect of Antimony on Pretreatment Process. The melting point of antimony compounds, generated in the roasting process …
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INTRODUCTION. Antimony (Sb) (atomic number 51; atomic mass 121.75 g/mol; density 6.684 g/cm 3; melting point 631°C) occurs naturally as a sulphide ore, stibnite (Sb 2 S 3) and valentinite (Sb 2 0 3).The traditional method of treating the ore is to roast it with charcoal or coke and collect the volatile oxide fume (Sb 4 O 6) from which pure …
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— From 2006 to 2016, the antimony supplied by lithosphere was 1668.01 Gg in total. • The net import of antimony concentrate had been increasing from 2006 to 2016. • The recycling ratio of antimony has always been low, which was only 0.91% in 2013. • Antimony emissions were mainly produced from the manufacture and usage stages. •
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— Russia was once a major antimony concentrate exporter to China, but its supply fell sharply this year as major producer Polyus' output declined. Export duty and mineral extraction tax also made ...
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— Because of the supply-demand imbalance, there was a surplus of 1.4 kt antimony concentrate and 10.4 kt antimony-containing primary products. 940 kt of antimony compounds were used to produce flame retardants, catalysts, clarifiers, semiconductors, and alloys in the fabrication stage, with figures of 306 kt, 93 kt, 61 kt, 21 kt, and 128 kt ...
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— Abstract. Although occupational exposure to antimony and its compounds can produce pulmonary toxicity, human carcinogenic impacts have not been observed. …
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antimony in dust if you live or work near antimony mines or processing companies. The concentration of antimony that is dissolved in rivers and lakes is very low, usually less than 5 parts of antimony in 1 billion parts of water (ppb). We cannot measure such small amounts without special equipment. Antimony does not appear to
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However, balance has only been obtained in terms of contained units in concentrate, as (1) not all antimony ingot smelters in China are equipped to process the gold-rich lower-grade antimony concentrates from Polyus and (2) sanctions from the US and Europe have placed pressure on Chinese ingot exporters. As a result, despite feedstock moving ...
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— Antimony sulfide (Sb 2 S 3) concentrate is the main source for the production of antimony oxides and metallic antimony.Few researches have focused on preparing Sb 2 O 3 crystals and Sb 2 O 3 nanomaterials from minerals directly. In this research, a clean, short, direct preparation of Sb 2 O 3 crystals and nanomaterials via …
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Antimony prices. Export; Add to notifications; Add to workspace; Argus price assessments cover the most active trading regions for each commodity. Learn more about the specifications for each price and view the trend of volatility by expanding each price (click More), or click through to the price landing page for a view of the tools available ...
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Antimony poisoning, harmful effects upon body tissues and functions of ingesting or inhaling certain compounds of antimony. Such poisoning resembles arsenic poisoning. Antimony poisoning has resulted from drinking acidic fruit juices containing antimony oxide dissolved from the glaze of cheap
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Antimony ore concentrate (mainly antimony trisulfide) was tested for carcinogenicity by inhalation exposure in male and rats of one strain, producing a significant increase in the incidence of lung tumours (scirrhous and squamous-cell carcinomas and bronchioloalveolar tumours) in females. ... [Limit Values for Concentrations of Dangerous ...
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Antimony isn't used alone because it breaks easily, but when mixed into alloys, it is used in lead storage batteries, solder, sheet and pipe metal, bearings, castings, and pewter. …
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The results indicated that the gold content in antimony concentrate was 28.41g/Mg, and the content of antimony and sulfur was 36.01% and 14.04%, respectively. The main metallic minerals were native gold, arsenopyrite, stibnite, and the gangue minerals were mainly quartz. Anodic polarization curve shows reduced iron powder can increase the peak ...
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— In 2021, the global antimony ore and concentrate market was finally on the rise to reach $2.3B for the first time since 2018, thus ending a two-year declining trend. Over the period under review ...
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— The distribution of antimony in sulfide copper-zinc concentrates processing products manufactured according to a production scheme including autogenous smelting, matte conversion to blister copper, and flotation extraction of metals from slags, is evaluated. The main products concentrating antimony concern autogenous smelting and …
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The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective on the toxicology of antimony. It contains descriptions and evaluations of toxicological studies and epidemiological investigations and provides conclusions, where possible, on the …
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— Although occupational exposure to antimony and its compounds can produce pulmonary toxicity, human carcinogenic impacts have not been observed. Inhalation studies with respirable antimony xide particles administered to rats and mice have, however, induced carcinogenic responses in the lungs and …
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